lib/api: Add cache busting for basic auth (ref #9208) (#9215)

This adds our short device ID to the basic auth realm. This has at least
two consequences:

- It is different from what's presented by another device on the same
address (e.g., if I use SSH forwards to different dives on the same
local address), preventing credentials for one from being sent to
another.

- It is different from what we did previously, meaning we avoid cached
credentials from old versions interfering with the new login flow.

I don't *think* there should be things that depend on our precise realm
string, so this shouldn't break any existing setups...

Sneakily this also changes the session cookie and CSRF name, because I
think `id.Short().String()` is nicer than `id.String()[:5]` and the
short ID is two characters longer. That's also not a problem...

next-gen-gui/src/app/api-utils.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 import { environment } from '../environments/environment'
 
 export const deviceID = (): String => {
-    const dID: String = environment.production ? globalThis.metadata['deviceID'] : '12345';
-    return dID.substring(0, 5)
+    return environment.production ? globalThis.metadata['deviceIDShort'] : '1234567';
 }
 
 export const apiURL: String = '/'